Old stubben saddle models switzerland
These are the differentiation of igneous intracrustal magmas and intraplate crust growth, continent–continent collision (Rudnick and Gao 2003 Hawkesworth and Kemp 2006 Lee et al. Reymer and Schubert 1984 Rudnick 1995 Albarede 1998 Rudnick and Gao 2003 Hawkesworth and Kemp 2006), major controls of its composition are unanimously identified. This should include the recognition of the geochemical composition of the shelf areas, now being below sea level.Īlthough the crustal evolution and the processes involved are discussed controversially (e.g. Because abrupt and significant changes of the carbonate abundance on the terrestrial surface are likely influencing CO 2-consumption rates by chemical weathering on geological time scales and thus the carbon cycle, refined, spatially resolved analysis is suggested.
The movement of significant amounts of carbonate to the terrestrial surface is identified as the major process for observed Ca-differences. sulphate reduction in sediments and biomineralization) and evaporite deposition are important for the geochemical composition of the terrestrial surface on geological time scales. Analysis of these results provide further evidence that chemical weathering, chemical alteration of minerals in marine settings, biogeochemical processes (e.g. Specifically, the elements Ca, S, C, Cl and Mg are enriched at the terrestrial surface, while Na is depleted (and probably K). Comparison with the bulk composition of the upper continental crust shows that the geochemical composition of the terrestrial surface (below the soil horizons) is significantly different from the assumed average of the upper continental crust. The geochemical average compositions of distinct lithological classes are calculated based on a literature review and applied to a global lithological map. Therefore, here a first estimate of the geochemical composition of the terrestrial surface is provided, which can be used for further analysis. Because of a lack in knowledge of the geochemical composition of the terrestrial surface, it is not well understood how the geochemical evolution of the Earth’s crust is impacted by its properties. The terrestrial surface, the “skin of the earth”, is an important interface for global (geochemical) material fluxes between major reservoirs of the Earth system: continental and oceanic crust, ocean and atmosphere.